Question:
What exactly does this word mean in flight? What is it to pressurize the cabin?
Answers:
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Cabin pressurization is the active pumping of air into the cabin of an aircraft to increase the air pressure within the cabin. It is required when an aircraft reaches high altitudes, because the natural atmospheric pressure is too low to allow people to absorb sufficient oxygen, leading to altitude sickness and ultimately hypoxia.Why is it that some runways are built in such a harzardous way?
A lack of sufficient oxygen will bring on hypoxia by reducing the alveolar oxygen tension. In some individuals, particularly those with heart or lung disease, symptoms may begin as low as 1500 metres (5000 feet) above MSL, although most passengers can tolerate altitudes of 2500m (around 8,000 feet) without ill effect. At this altitude, there is about 25% less oxygen than there is at sea level.
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Passengers may also develop fatigue or headache as the plane flies higher. As the operational altitude increases, reactions become sluggish and unconsciousness will eventually result. Sustained flight operations above 10,000 feet generally require supplemental oxygen (through a nasal cannula or oxygen mask) or pressurisation.
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Aircraft that routinely fly above 10,000 feet are generally equipped with an oxygen system fed through masks or canulas (typically for smaller aircraft), or are pressurized by an Environmental Control System (ECS) using air provided by compressors or bleed air. These systems maintain air pressure equivalent to 8000 ft or less, even during flight at altitudes above 43,000 ft.
Why take offs are considered to be more dangerous than landings in commercial flying?
As the airplane pressurizes and decompresses, some passengers will experience discomfort as trapped gasses within their bodies expand or contract in response to the changing cabin pressure. The most common problems occur with gas trapped in the gastrointestinal tract, the middle ear and the paranasal sinuses. Note that in a pressurized aircraft, these effects are not due directly to climb and descent, but to changes in the pressure maintained inside the aircraft.
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It is always an emergency if a pressurized aircraft suffers a pressurisation failure above 10,000 feet. If this occurs the pilot must immediately place the plane in an emergency descent and activate oxygen masks for everyone aboard.
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As the airplane is pressurized and depressurized, the metal skin of the airplane expands and contracts, resulting in metal fatigue. Modern aircraft are designed to resist this compression cycle, but some early jetliners had fatal accidents due to underdesign for fatigue.
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means you don't get sucked out of the plane even if everyone takes a voteIt is a bit miseleading really - because the cabin is at a LOWER pressure than it was when on the ground. However it IS at a higher pressure than the atmosphere at 35,000 feet.
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Above approximately 10,000 feet, without pressurising the cabin, both passengers - and rather more importantly, pilots, begin to suffer the effects og mild hypoxia. As the altitude increases so the pressure decreases and breathing becomes much more laboured and the body's ability to take in enough oxygen starts to fail. Above 12,500 feet a pilot MUST by law take additional oxygen / pressurise.
(Side note, there is just as much oxygen as a percentage at high altitude, but it is at a lower pressure - so less oxygen "per lungfull")
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Hypoxia is dangerous as it is not unlike intoxication, people typicaly feel light hearted and jovial, then a little careless. Before long, reckless behaviour and death are likely.
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Pressurised cabins are a GOOD thing. :)
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Sudden cabin depressurisation is a BAD thing. If you are at 35,000 feet and a window pops out, your little oxygen mask is not going to do much to help you - you would have died before the mask had time to fall down - instant depressurisation has a knack of doing really nasty things to brains and heads.
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Even at just 18,000 feets, atmospheric pressure is down to around 7 psi (instead of 15), aircraft usually fly around twice as high. The difference between the pressure outside the aircraft at 35,000 feet and in the middle of deep space is about 3-4 psi. Now perhaps you can see why things get grim if depressurisation occurs instantly - it would not be much different from it happening aboard a space station. Not good.
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At higher altitudes, the air is less dense (has low pressure) and does not contain enough oxygen to sustain life (you would die from suffocation without aditional oxygen equipment).Pressurization means they maintain an air pressure inside an aircraft comparable to that on the surface, so you can still breathe without problems, and you don't need to use oxygen masks.
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Typical transport aircraft fly above 30,000 feet, where the air is too thin to support human life, so the cabins must be pressurized. Bleed air is drawn from the first part of the turbine engine, and fed into the cabin to reduce the apparent altitude to about six or seven thousand feet.in flight is when the wheels leave the ground - pressurize the cabin is air being pumped into the cabin at higher altitudes so you can breath without the use of supplimental oxygen
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