What substance is used to de-ice the wings of an airplane?

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Why do you have to install a propeller rear cone dry, as in without lubricating oil?

Deicing fluids are used to de-ice the wings of an airplane. Most deicing fluids contain propylene glycol and/or ethylene glycol. They are similar to the anti-freeze coolant in your car.

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alcohol....very similar to what is used in windsheild washer fluid.

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THE SUBSTANCE IS CALLED GLYCOL. ACTUALLY IT'S VERY SIMILAR TO THE ANTIFREEZE USED IN AUTOMOBILES. LIKE MOST THINGS USED IN AVIATION, IT'S VERY NASTY STUFF.

Why are so many planes grounded in England because of fog when they travel in the dark of night all the time?D

Reffering to on the ground or flying? On the ground there are so many ways. . . Heated hangar, Ethylene Glycol, etc. In the air. . . Many use inflatable rubber boots, some use hot bleed air running through the leading edge, there are several different ways to De-Ice. Some prop hubs use alchohol, I think some aircraft also use this alchohol on wings as well, but this is an airborne cure, you wouldn't use up the resource on the ground.

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Sprayed deicing fluid is generally propylene glycol, which is not particularly toxic or harmful. (PG is, in fact, used in food products.) Ethylene glycol could also be used. However, it is toxic to humans and animals. Many airports now have deicing stations: A plane taxis to the station, is sprayed and then taxis to the runway for immediate take off. This way the excess fluid is recovered, filtered and used over again.

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De-icing on the ground is typically done with heated ethelyne glycol or propylene glycol (de-icer fluid) and water. (Although small aircraft often use hot water, alcohol, a broom, or just a heated hangar to remove some frost.)
There are some systems in place that use infra-red (heating elements) to remove the ice.

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De-icing in the air is a bit different. A few aircraft have what are called "weeping wings" which pump out a small film of alcohol on the wing or propeller to help keep the ice off. Typical anti-ice or de-ice systems for use in the air are pneumatically (hot air) or electrically heated leading edges of wings and props, or rubber bags on the leading edge (called de-icing boots) which inflate a small bit to crack the ice and flake it off.

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Mostly propylene glycol or ethylene glycol. They are called freezing-point depressants, or FDRs. The website below has a very informative article on it.

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fluid glycol
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