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dont say electricity
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Electric motors are everywhere! In your house, almost every mechanical movement that you see around you is caused by an AC (alternating current) or DC (direct current) electric motor. By understanding how a motor works you can learn a lot about magnets, electromagnets and electricity in general. In this article, you will learn what makes electric motors tick.An electric motor is all about magnets and magnetism: A motor uses magnets to create motion. If you have ever played with magnets you know about the fundamental law of all magnets: Opposites attract and likes repel. So if you have two bar magnets with their ends marked "north" and "south," then the north end of one magnet will attract the south end of the other. On the other hand, the north end of one magnet will repel the north end of the other (and similarly, south will repel south). Inside an electric motor, these attracting and repelling forces create rotational motion. The armature (or rotor) is an electromagnet, while the field magnet is a permanent magnet (the field magnet could be an electromagnet as well, but in most small motors it isn't in order to save power). he axle holds the armature and the commutator. The armature is a set of electromagnets, in this case three. The armature in this motor is a set of thin metal plates stacked together, with thin copper wire coiled around each of the three poles of the armature. The two ends of each wire (one wire for each pole) are soldered onto a terminal, and then each of the three terminals is wired to one plate of the commutator. The final piece of any DC electric motor is the field magnet. The field magnet in this motor is formed by the can itself plus two curved permanent magnets: One end of each magnet rests against a slot cut into the can, and then the retaining clip presses against the other ends of both magnets.
To understand how an electric motor works, the key is to understand how the electromagnet works. An electromagnet is the basis of an electric motor. You can understand how things work in the motor by imagining the following scenario. Say that you created a simple electromagnet by wrapping 100 loops of wire around a nail and connecting it to a battery. The nail would become a magnet and have a north and south pole while the battery is connected.
Now say that you take your nail electromagnet, run an axle through the middle of it and suspend it in the middle of a horseshoe magnet as shown in the figure below. If you were to attach a battery to the electromagnet so that the north end of the nail appeared as shown, the basic law of magnetism tells you what would happen: The north end of the electromagnet would be repelled from the north end of the horseshoe magnet and attracted to the south end of the horseshoe magnet. The south end of the electromagnet would be repelled in a similar way. The nail would move about half a turn and then stop. magnets naturally attract and repel one another. The key to an electric motor is to then go one step further so that, at the moment that this half-turn of motion completes, the field of the electromagnet flips. The flip causes the electromagnet to complete another half-turn of motion. You flip the magnetic field just by changing the direction of the electrons flowing in the wire (you do that by flipping the battery over). If the field of the electromagnet were flipped at precisely the right moment at the end of each half-turn of motion, the electric motor would spin freely.
Consider the image on the previous page. The armature takes the place of the nail in an electric motor. The armature is an electromagnet made by coiling thin wire around two or more poles of a metal core.
The armature has an axle, and the commutator is attached to the axle. In the diagram to the right, you can see three different views of the same armature: front, side and end-on. In the end-on view, the winding is eliminated to make the commutator more obvious. You can see that the commutator is simply a pair of plates attached to the axle. These plates provide the two connections for the coil of the electromagnet.
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Brushes and commutator
The "flipping the electric field" part of an electric motor is accomplished by two parts: the commutator and the brushes.
The commutator and brushes work together to let current flow to the electromagnet, and also to flip the direction that the electrons are flowing at just the right moment. The contacts of the commutator are attached to the axle of the electromagnet, so they spin with the magnet. The brushes are just two pieces of springy metal or carbon that make contact with the contacts of the commutator.
When you put all of these parts together, what you have is a complete electric motor:
If you ever have the chance to take apart a small electric motor, you will find that it contains the same pieces described above: two small permanent magnets, a commutator, two brushes, and an electromagnet made by winding wire around a piece of metal. Almost always, however, the rotor will have three poles rather than the two poles as shown in this article. There are two good reasons for a motor to have three poles:
Does using "Cruise Control" save on -or- waste fuel?
It causes the motor to have better dynamics. In a two-pole motor, if the electromagnet is at the balance point, perfectly horizontal between the two poles of the field magnet when the motor starts, you can imagine the armature getting "stuck" there. That never happens in a three-pole motor.
when you downshift in order to slow down, do you burn more gas to make the engine rev higher?
Each time the commutator hits the point where it flips the field in a two-pole motor, the commutator shorts out the battery (directly connects the positive and negative terminals) for a moment. This shorting wastes energy and drains the battery needlessly. A three-pole motor solves this problem as well.
It is possible to have any number of poles, depending on the size of the motor and the specific application it is being used in.
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it has a coil of metal wire like a typical automotive coil. when you plug it in, the electricity flows through this coil of metal and waits to be discharged by some sort of remote. it acts like a compacitor. the disharged energy is used to rotate whatever motor or device is attachedWhere is the cheapest test-only smog check near sunnyvale?
Well it is electricity fool.What are the dimensions in inches of a car rim in the United States?
Well it depends on if it is DC or AC current.Who invented the wheel, and how long ago was it first used for transportation?
Excessively brief answer:What do you keep in your car to prepare you for emergencies?
When you run electricity through a wire you get a magnetic field. If you wind that wire in a coil, you get a magnetic field that has a definite direction.
If you put a natural magnet the right place in relation to your coil of wire, the wire's magnetic field will move the magnet. If you turn the current on until the magnet is moving, then turn it off before the magnet gets too far past, the magnet will KEEP moving.
Does anyone recommend putting a car with automatic transmission into neutral at a stop light?
So put a bunch of wire coils next to each other, in a circle. Put the magnet on the rim of a wheel. Turn on the first coil, then turn it off as the magnet goes by. Then use the next coil the same way. And so on. The magnet gets yanked along by each coil in turn, and turns the wheel in the process.
how does the motor in a car work?
Ridiculously over-simplified, but that's the basic idea.
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